Improvement in machines for forming tubes of cast ingots



zsheetssheem. T. WHITEHOUQSE.

MACHINES Fon FORMING TUBES oF CAST 4nmo'rs.

UNITED l STATES N PATENT OFFICE.

`THoMAs wmTEEoUsE, on BosToN, MAssAcHUsETTs, Assreuon To AMERICAN TUBE' wenns, or SAME PLAoE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR -FORMINGTUBESOF CAST INGOT'@` Bpecieetien forming part of Letters Patent To all whom it may concern;-

Be it known that I, THOMAS WErTEHoUsE,

of Boston, county of Suffolk and State of Mas sachusetts, have invented. certain new und useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Tubes, of which the following is a speci- `iication:

' .'.lhis invention relates to the manufacture of tubes from metal, such as brass', copper, '&c.,

' and under it the required. tube is produced `.i'roin-a thick hollow casting or ingot, which is lrst closed, ilattened, and lengthened by pass-- i ingit between suitable rolls, and is then shaped in cross section, as hereinafter described, by

passingitbetween rolls of suitable .shape therefor, and is afterward passed between rolls, each and, as it passesbetweeu said grooved rolls, drawn over a bulb or mandrel head so shaped' and located .vithiu the grooves of ythe two rolls as to open it-the said blank-into a cy lindrical tube as it continues'to pass onto the said bulb-head from the continued rotation -of the said grooved rolls, all as hereinafter fully @described l For producing a metal tube in the manner above described, this invention consists in ,thickening up and rounding ofi both edges of -t'ne iluttened and elongated metalblank, as

hereinafter described, by passing `it through rolls oi suitable shape therefor, but, by preference, as hereinafter particularly described; and, also, it consists in the combination, with said shaping-rolls, of a guideway or box, constructed and arranged as `hereinafter described, to hold the blank against spreading at its edges as it is acted upon by the shaping-rolls, all as will hereinafter fully appear.

This invention further consists `in the location, within the openingof the circular groove ci' the grooved rolls, of a'maudrel or bulb t head, for opening out the metal blank into a tube. This mandrel is suitably held from behind, and is unconiiued or free at its front end, Vwhich is the end at whichit receives the blank, to open it out into a tube, and it is adjusted to project to the front of the nip oi' the two rolls on the Inet-al passing-between them and over the mandrel. This mandrel, in its luationand said front projection, as above En. nemers, ama nmmb'i'r u, ieu; pennen nu Api-i1 e. me.

stated, is ofthe same shape and size asl-it hel within and just back `of thenip,` cr, iu `other words,rwithin and just back of the vertical plane of the axis of the two rolls, butst its` metal blank 'hasta support in advsnseand vent its being jammed or forceddown'over the receiving and pointed or bulb head` ofthe mandrel and back of the `nipo'f the rolle by the rolls as'they `revolve and draw' thejmetel blank in and between them end over themandrel, to open it out from a closed end -iiettened blank directly. intoa round shspecorrespcudg ing to thereuud shapein cross-section of the mandrel at the nip of the rolls.V 4

its passag'eto'thelnipcftherolls prevents its4 the nip of the rolls secures a `more perfectshaped tube, as it holds the open metal tube it lclds the metal the better to the -nip of the rol s'.

Vbinatioii, lwith the semieircular grooved rolls ,and their opening mandrel or bulb, of a guidefway and support for the `metal 'blank ecrit passes to the grooved rolls; and, also, it conf sists in `the arrangement of this4 guideway and support forbeing set up t o andback from the grooved rolls, 'andv also, in combination ed and set for grooved rolls of; varying sizes arranged side by side between common standards orsupports.

said unconlned and free end it is Amade of e the-.nip of thelrollsas'itis lithinesidnipthe V becket' the nip of the rolls suncient te pre- This advance support ofthe metalblanbin block on the mandrel which,"iiithout suche. support, would occur. `'lhesnpport back ci` fromV a sudden contraction as it escapes from the Vaction and nip ofithe rolls, and, besides,

This invention further'ccusists in theccm therewith,iof arranging it `so it can be adjust The gures of the accompanying plate of drawings illustrate my invention. f

In Plate 1, Figure 1 isaplan view, and Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8views in detail, to be hereinafter more particularly referred to.4 InPlate 2, Fig.9 is a vertical. section along line a: .'v, Fi`g. 1, Plate l; and Fig. 10 across verticalsection along line y y, Fig. 9. y

In the drawings, AA represent standards or supports, carrying at one end the grooved rolls for rolling and shaping the hollow metal ingot or blank before opening it into a-tube, and at-the other end a'scries of semicircular grooved rolls, with the bulb-or mandrel-head, by which the blank, rolled and shaped in the first grooved rolls, is opened intoja'tube The grooved rolls B have la series of grooves, a, b, c, d, e, and f, and by the grooves a, b', c, and dofthe series the hollow ingot or blank s closed, attened, and lengtheneih -aud/ by the 'grooves c andj the'then flattcnedanfl lengthened blank is shaped bythe first grooves, e, upon one side, and by the second grooves,f, upon the other vside.

The opening rolls C f are shown in a series of different sizes for different sized tlbes, and thes'edifl'erent sizes are side by side 4between a common pair of standards.

Foi` Veach pair of -grooves-e and f of the grooved rolls B there isa guide box or way, g, withnpright sides It, that are at a distance apart equal to the width of. the blank to be shapedjby the grooves, and the width be` tween the sidcs his a little less-say, about oneei'ghth inchthan the widthof the grooves in relation to which the guide-box isarranged.

The sides h of each guidebox extend to the'periphery of the rolls,vand at their end toward the rolls they areshaped, as shown, to correspond substantially with vthe periph- 'ery of the rolls, and'to 'set as closely as possible, without contact with the rolls, to the bite or nip of the rolls.

These guideboxes g g rest ou a suitablylocated beam of the standards A A, and theyl are ysecured to each beam D by a headed screwfbolt, l, and nut m. The head of the bolt l is counter-sunk in the guideway, rand and the gnideway is slottedso that by loos-A ing the screw-nut m the guideway can `be set up to and away from the shaping rolls when' desired; and the slot n of` the supporting` beam D, through which the screw-boltl passes, allows thesdewaytche adjusted inv -""ie'gth of the' beam as may be desired, and, as is.l

obvious, by simply turning up the nut m, the guide box g can 4be rigidly fastened in position. Y i E, a. cylindrical. bulb or mandrel-head. This Abulb or mandrel-head lies between and in the grooves of ajset of the circulangrooved rolls v(9a vAtthe back -of the grooved rolls the man '1drel stem o lies vxa.l trough, G, -supportedgin a suitable frame-work, H, and it backs against* a head-board,- I, s'uitablybraced from thev main standards A A, leaving its front end free and unconlined. The bulb or' mandrelhead projects to the front or receiving side ot the grooved rolls C C from the mp of the rolls, which is in the vertical plane of the axis of the rolls. This projection u of the mandrel is of the same size and shape as that of the mandrel at the nppingfplane lv of the rolls, and its length is such-fsay, one-half an inch-as to support the metal blank whichv is being drawn through the rolls over-.the mandrel, against the compression of the rolls in front of the nip of the rolls, and thereby prevent'a jammingor setting of the blank over the lfront end Eof the mandrel, which would-occur were the mandrel not" so extended and-pro` jected forward between' the-nip of the rolls and the front end E -ff Themandrel just back' (as at w) of the nip "of the roller` O is of 'a similar size and shapeto that at the nip`, and" beyond this the head tapers.

It `is important to preserve this uniformity i Vbetween the size and'shape ofthe mandrel at et the nip, for Vthe reasons, which and back have before been given. i

4ical or other suitable taper or shape, as shown in-the drawings. This taper of said front or headE secures. the gradual opening' ont-of -the blank from its 'closed and flattened condition,'and also gradually prepares` and'opens it out for passing on and over the mandrel projection u and from thence into and out of vthe nippingplane "v of the rolls, and thus a closed blank is opened from its flattened `condition directly out into a round tube at one operationor rolling.

T, is a guideway for receiving the blank to beopened by thel grooved rolls C and mandrel E. This guideway is along the length of a beam, J2, and thebealfn issupported at the outer end q upon a hinged post, and at its inner end in a box, K,which is adapted by a and then fastened against displacement, so

properly supported. Y Y

In the manufacture of tubes witha machine cast a short tube or ingot of a cross-section,

gether when afterward closed, by rolling. I

then, again turning it over, between thethir' tween the fourth grooves d. By this series'of The front end E, beyond 'the front projecj tion 'toot -themandrel is-of a pointed or conslot, `p', in framebeam A, and screw bolt-and nut, to be' slid along and adjusted on the beam that the same guide-box may be usedforany n' of the construction herein described, Irst suchas shown in Fig. 7, and then wash the' now heat theingot to a red heat-,and p'ass it, first, between the rstgrooves `2v,. then,v turn- `ing-raover, between the second gropvesb 1*" grooves, c, and then, again turning it over, be#

una S grooves the blank shown in Fig. 7 is attened and lengtheued, and is left in a straight strip, which I then pass between the grooves e, by which une side or face of the strip is rounded at its edges and there thickened, as at t, Fig. 8, and then, being turned over, is passed between the grooves f, by which its other side or face is similarly shaped, at the saine time presen ting the shape given to the blank by the grooves.` In both 'of these' last rollings the strip is guided to the rolls by the guide-,boxes g.

The herein-described projection and t of the sides h of the guide-boxes to the rolls, in connection with the greater width ot' the grooves,compared with the width between said sides h, holds the metal blank as it passes to the compressing-grooves from spreading at its edges to such an extent that Iwhen it enters into the grooves of the rolls its edges will project beyond each side of the grooves between the roll, andthus, obviously, no tin or rib can be made at the edges of the blank, as the blank is wholly within the shaping-groove ofthe upper and lower` rolls. This protection against a spread of' the blank is secured', practically, for the whole length of the blank, although, it is true, for a short distance, the end of the blank last entering the grooves has its edges unprotected by the sides h, for the reason that there is, necessarily, an uncovered or exposed space'between the sidesh and thel grooves;

but this space, under my construction ot' the sides h to t the peripheries oi' the rolls, is

necessarily small. The formation of hns or ribs on the blank because of it, as above stated,

' is in fact of no practical account 0r consequence in the manufacture of' metal Itubes under this improvement.

In' all the rolling above described the metal should be at the proper heat. The blank, thus lhein g properly rolled and shaped, is again heated to a red heatan il,' being partially opened at one end, is now laid edgewse in the guide-beam, and then the beam set up to the grooved rolls, at the same time forcing the partially-opened end of the blank on the mandrel-head or bulb, over which the blank 4is I'clatm,and desire cy'Iletters11st;A

ent, is? f n v 1. In the manufacture of tubing from hollow cast ingotss`uch as hereiudescribed and` shown, the particular construction of man drels for openin g out, and over which to draw,

said ingots, and the location of .it in relation to the bite of the rolls, as specied. l

2. The combination of the grooved rolls O, mandrel or bulb head E, and guideway J, the latter being constructedto guide and hold the metal blank as it is opened on the mandrel E, and being arranged to bef slid forward and back as to the rolls O, all substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

3. The guid-way J fory rolls C and its guidebox g, secured by screw-bolt to the slotted beam, in combination with the hingedouter leg or support q, all arranged together for operating and setting the guideway J, substantially as described. v

a. Ir. the manufacture of metaLt-ubesA-frerh hollow ingots, thickening and rounding both edges of the attened and elongated blank by passing it between rolls having shapinggrooves, su bstantially such as herein described.

5. A guide-box, g, for shaping-roll groovee e and f, which has sides h, constructed to lt the periphery of the rolls to'freceive between them the metal'blank to beshaped-,- in combi- Unation with eithergro'ove e-\or.-.f, having ai width greater than the space betweenth bol .sides h, all substantially as described, for the n purpose specified. V

THOMAWHITEHOUSE. Witnesses E DWIN W.` BROWN, GEO. H.' EARL. 

